Survey
Olga Gorodetskaya
Doctoral School of Social Sciences – University of Trento
PhD Programme in Sociology and Social Research
One of the most significant socio-economic trends over the past few decades has been the growing participation of women in the labor market in all industrialized countries. With the overall expansion of employment, women have essentially improved and reinforced their labor market positions, career prospects, as well as their wage levels. Despite these positive changes, existing research documents a persistent gender gap in the access to top-level positions, even though women have caught up or even overtook men concerning educational attainment. Nowadays women represent about half of the population of PhD graduates among EU countries. The gender parity achieved in rates of PhD completion, however, is a fairly recent phenomenon, and hence the academic labor market appears still gendered in favor of men.
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